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The object of this study was to investigate that mupirocin is a prophylactic agent in patients at high risk of developing staphylococcal infection. Twenty-nine NS patients hospitalized at ICU for over three weeks were selected for this study, who did not have had infection history of MRSA. Mupirocin was initially given three times d day for two weeks, followed by three times a week during hospitalization. 0.5g mupirocin topical ointment should be inserted into each nostril and tracheostomy site, if it existed, with a sterile swab. These measures may consist of enforcing hand washing, wearing gloves, systemic antibiotics, if needed. MRSA was founded in 31% (9 episodes in 29 patients) of sputum or tracheostomy site culture from the mupirocin application group compared with 51.9% (14 episodes in 27 patients) of those from the control group, no side effects occurred during therapy and nasal tolerance was good. Intranasal mupirocin ointment appears to be useful and well-tolerated program to reduce the risk of infection among patients during MRSA outbreaks, but more clinical studies are needed to determine the role of mupirocin in high-risk patients.
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